I’m no expert but I believe ffmpeg will be using the rawvideo decoder to read that file. If it appears to work I guess the stream output by v4l2-ctl happens to match up closely enough with the default parameters listed in that doc, you may want to work out what it is and double check compatibility though.

The difference from a regular container is that it’s uncompressed (hence the size) and can’t include any metadata (hence the need to specify parameters manually). v4l2-ctl writing in this format means it doesn’t need to worry about compressing and encoding the video on-the-fly, which would complicate the implementation and might not always be feasible in real-time.

If you wanted to avoid the intermediate file you should be able to pipe v4l2-ctl directly into ffmpeg.

Mercator preserves angles and straight lines. Wherever you zoom or pan on a Mercator map, north is still at the top, east to the right, etc. By contrast, for a projection without those properties (which is basically none except minor variants of Mercator), north is going to shift around depending on where you’re looking.

By way of example, here’s Auckland in the Equal Earth projection the article discusses, with north marked:

It’s significantly tilted and actually slightly curved. This is not useful for navigation, or really anything except exactly what Togo wants to achieve (which in general is exactly what you want for the sorts of global maps the UN is likely to make): knowing that any two areas that are the same size on the map are the same size in real life.

Why not the 150E meridian so New Zealand can finally have its revenge?

Google Maps

Not sure what they’re gonna do, interactive maps are pretty tied to Mercator unless you want weird distortions.